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Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are among the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections, accounting for up to 40% of hospital-acquired infections.

Urinary incontinence affects a significant percentage of men, particularly those with neurological disorders, mobility limitations, or post-surgical complications. It can lead to embarrassment, reduced quality of life, and challenges in maintaining hygiene. To manage urine leakage, some men turn to external devices like condom catheters, which fit over the penis and direct urine into a collection bag. Unlike indwelling catheters that are inserted into the bladder, condom catheters are considered less invasive and are often recommended for long-term use in bedridden or incontinent male patients.

Urethral trauma in pediatric patients is a significant yet often overlooked concern in urological care. Although urethral injuries account for a small percentage of overall pediatric trauma cases, they can lead to long-term complications if not managed properly. Up to 25% of hospitalized patients undergo routine urethral catheterization, and while the incidence of iatrogenic urethral trauma is approximately 0.3%, its impact is substantial. Traumatic urethral catheterization can lead to acute complications such as urinary retention, bleeding, and urosepsis, as well as long-term risks like urethral stricture disease, requiring frequent dilation or reconstructive procedures.

Penile pressure ulcers are painful sores that develop on the penis due to prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues. These ulcers can occur when there is continuous pressure without relief, leading to poor blood circulation and tissue damage. Male patients with spinal cord disorders (SCD) are at a higher risk because they may have limited mobility, leading to unrelieved pressure on sensitive areas.